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Vitamin B-12, also known as cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin involved in metabolism. 

B12 is required by humans to use as a cofactor in DNA synthesis in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. B12 assists in maintaining a healthy nervous system, circulatory system, red blood cell formation, cell metabolism and immunity. Most people get enough vitamin B-12 from a balanced diet such as eggs and red meat. However, older adults, vegetarians, vegans, and people who have conditions that affect their ability to absorb vitamin B-12 from foods, might benefit from the use of oral supplements or shots. Vitamin B-12 supplements also are recommended for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding exclusively and follow vegetarian or vegan diets.

The main issue with zinc absorption is that it can be blocked by supplements such as Calcium, Iron, or Magnesium and it can interact with other medications such as antibiotics. 

What is the best way to take my zinc supplements and are there certain supplements that should be avoided? Finally, how much zinc is too much?

The most important point to remember is that most other vitamins that you encounter, be it  gummies, compressed hard tablets, pills, capsules, gelcaps or vitamin-drinks they all must be swallowed in order to be absorbed. Once they have been swallowed they must survive the stomach acids, pancreatic enzymes and finally after surviving must get absorbed into the intestinal system to undergo liver cleansing. Most vitamin producers add additives to create a strong protective shell around the vitamins. Many of the ingredients to protect the vitamin against your stomach acids are not necessarily good for you or protect you. Even if you are able to swallow the vitamins there is no guarantee that your body is able to absorb the vitamins attached to all the additives and preservatives. Once absorbed then your liver has to work hard to separate the vitamins from the unnecessary binders.  Therefore, the sublingual or under the tongue route bypasses the intestinal system all together and allows you to absorb your vitamin directly into the bloodstream. It also allows for the product to have no unnecessary additives or preservatives.

The body’s production of melatonin declines gradually with age. Many doctors believe that the loss in melatonin is associated with several age-related diseases, lowered sleep efficacy, and deterioration of the circadian rhythm.